On the Varying Responses of East Asian Winter Monsoon to Three Types of El Niño: Observations and Model Hindcasts

Abstract Using observational data and model hindcasts produced by a coupled climate model, we examine the response of East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) to three types El Niño: eastern Pacific (EP) central I (CP-I) II (CP-II) Niños. The analysis shows that all Niño weaken EAWM with varying degrees impact. EP has largest weakening effect, while CP-II second largest, CP-I smallest. We find diverse impact altering responses two anomalous anticyclones during mature winter: western North anticyclone (WNPAC) Kuroshio (KAC). WNPAC are controlled Gill Indian Ocean warming processes both respond eastern-to-central tropical precipitation anomalies. KAC poleward wave propagation responding northwestern significantly underestimate effect These underestimations related deficiency in which it produces too-weak completely misses Niño. is caused simulating lack arises from unrealistic model’s extratropical atmosphere